Image Network Zhumadian News (Reporter Yang Xiao Special Photography Zhang Aiwu (Wild Cat))In January 2008, the Ministry of Culture of People’s Republic of China (PRC) announced the national intangible cultural heritage list, and Queshan Tiehua was among them. Queshan Tiehua, also known as "Tiehua", is a traditional folk fireworks spread in Queshan County and its surrounding areas in Henan Province. In the 1950s and early 1960s, there were two "Tiehua" parties in the county town, which were interrupted for more than 20 years. In 1988, after improvement, Queshan County once again held a "fireworks party" under Boshan Lake. This long-lost traditional folk fireworks, with its thrilling grandeur, made the audience clap their hands and exclaim. At that time, when the media reported this grand occasion, they called it "the wonderful culture of the Central Plains and the best folk fireworks".

offer sacrifices to ancestors

Waste pig iron is put into a small steelmaking furnace to smelt molten iron.

Inject molten iron into that groove of the willow stick

Hit the willow stick, and the molten iron will turn into iron flower and spray out.

　　There is a magical legend about "Queshan Tiehua": A long time ago, there was a severe drought in southern Henan. In order to relieve the drought, everyone volunteered to donate money to build a temple and cast a big clock in the temple. Each family brought their own ironware to the field, and the blacksmiths melted it into iron juice. At this moment, a group of crows flew in. They croaked in the trees and couldn’t get rid of them. At this moment, an old man came out of the crowd. He picked up two willow trees from the ground, dipped them in some molten iron juice, and hit them up. The iron juice splashed a golden spark more than ten meters high, shining the sky like fireworks, and the crows were frightened and flew away. When everyone was amazed at this sudden wonder, the old man had disappeared. This beautiful and magical legend proves that Queshan Tiehua has a long history. Queshan Tiehua originated in the Northern Song Dynasty, flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and has a history of more than a thousand years. It is true that the earliest activities are full of Taoist colors and industry characteristics. In the Song Dynasty, Taoism was advocated. The old Leshan in Queshan County was once a holy place of Taoism, and it was called the three Taoist mountains in the Central Plains together with Wudang Mountain in Hubei and Tongshan Mountain in Biyang (Wudang Mountain is called Jinding Mountain, Tongshan Mountain is called Tongding Mountain, and Leshan Mountain is called Tieding Mountain). Taoist temples are all over the county, and there is only one Leshan, which is called "Eight Gong Er Views and One Worship to Taiwan". The five craftsmen of gold, silver, copper, iron and tin in the society, together with Taoist priests, worship a founder, the "Tai Shang Lao Jun". Therefore, craftsmen and Taoist priests can be described as brothers and sisters.

In Spring Festival travel rush in 1992, migrant workers flooded into Guangdong. Ye Jianqiang

　　Some people say that the first generation of migrant workers are like the "third generation" college students who just resumed the college entrance examination. Although they are very different in age, they are unique among the migrant workers. Today, more than 20 years later, where are they "falling"?

　　Who is the first generation of migrant workers?

　　According to the idea in advance: the first generation of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta should have worked in the Pearl River Delta in the early 1980s, so the reporter found Tan Zhiqiang, director of the Economic and Trade Office of Humen Town, Dongguan City. He was puzzled: I can’t find it, but there was one in the early 1990s!

　　Faced with the same problem, Tang Zhiping, a former director of Taiping Handbag Factory, thought for a long time: after the factory was established in 1978, it was almost all Humen people in the factory. Only around 1986, due to the expansion of the factory’s business and insufficient manpower, they recruited some migrant workers in Jiangxi. By the time he left the factory in 1990, there were only more than 100 migrant workers, but three years later, Taiping Factory was basically migrant workers.

　　After 1990, the name of "migrant workers" instead of "migrant workers" became popular in the media, and "migrant workers’ tide", "Spring Festival travel rush" and "public security" became a big problem in the Pearl River Delta and even the whole country. Tan Zhiqiang said that in fact, the first generation of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta should be the group of farmers who came out of (most of) rural areas in eastern Guangdong and western Guangdong in the 1980s and worked in Shekou, Shenzhen and Shanhaiguan, Shenzhen.

　　Tan Zhiqiang said that among the existing 1 million migrant workers in Humen Town, the post-80s account for the vast majority. If they are counted as the second generation of migrant workers, then the post-60s and post-70s are the first generation in the last century, while the post-70s account for the majority of the migrant workers in the early 1990s.

　　Where will the first generation of migrant workers go?

　　Since 2001, every year on May 12th, Lao Liang always got together with 50 workers from Gushi County, Henan Province to Dongguan on May 12th, 1991. "I have never been here, and now there are fewer and fewer." Lao Liang, who is still working hard in Dongguan, said that of those 50 people, it is estimated that 30% started their own businesses, 30% stayed in the enterprise and the rest went home.

　　Cheng Xiaolei, who came in the same car as Lao Liang, is now an executive of a certain enterprise. He said that although the majority of migrant workers in their generation went home, very few really returned to the farmland to do farm work, and most of them opened stores and started businesses at home, and most of them moved to county towns or towns to build houses and became urban people.

　　Yijin first opened his own shoe factory in Houjie, Dongguan, and returned to his hometown Gushi County a few years ago to open three shoe factories. As the country’s most populous county, the vast majority of investment in Gushi County is made by migrant workers in the county who go home to start businesses, and they also "match the bridge". Before the Spring Festival every year, the main leaders of the county will personally go to Dongguan and Shenzhen in the Pearl River Delta to entertain the "hometown elders". It is said that most of the banquets are the first generation of migrant workers.

　　Last year, after the implementation of the new Labor Contract Law, Lao Peng of Chongqing ended his 16-year working career in Dongguan. Although the boss closed the factory and gave him tens of thousands of yuan in length of service compensation, he was still reluctant to part. It is said that in the past year or so, among the thousands of factories that moved and closed down in the Pearl River Delta, most of them really went home.

　　When two generations of migrant workers meet

　　Most of the first generation of migrant workers who stay in the Pearl River Delta today have become managers. When they met the second generation of migrant workers, they were somewhat puzzled.

　　In the interview, most entrepreneurs of the first generation of migrant workers are talking about the current enterprise management, and the first one is that workers are difficult to manage. Cheng Xiaolei said that when they first entered the factory, they wanted military training to do morning exercises, but now workers think that doing exercises is after work, and they don’t count working hours and don’t pay wages. This is disrespect for employees’ freedom, so they complained to brand customers. Now the factory simply canceled doing exercises and military training.

　　Cheng Xiaolei is the person in charge of personnel training in a large Taiwan-funded shoe factory. He said that the first generation of migrant workers were born and raised in the countryside and went to the city for survival; Although the "post-80 s" grew up in the countryside, most of their parents worked in the city, and they had no worries about food and clothing at home, and they developed an independent personality from an early age; The "post-90 s" were born in the city and studied in the city. They are all urbanites with registered permanent residence in the countryside! Up to now, will the three generations of migrant workers be the same?

　　And Lao Liang’s conclusion is: at that time, we were waiting for three people in one position, but now we are waiting for one person in two positions; In the past, it was a "tide of migrant workers", but now it is a "shortage of migrant workers"-the job market has changed!

　　Three first-generation workers

　　Most of the first generation of migrant workers have taken a curtain call to the south and returned to their hometown. However, talking to the left-behind among them is not only about recalling the past, but also about thinking and precipitating the experience of the first generation of migrant workers, because the second and even third generation of migrant workers are still moving south.

　　The trip of the former is the teacher of the latter.

　　A, from migrant workers to foreign executives

　　Li Xingguo, 40, came to a shoe factory in Dongguan from his hometown 17 years ago. "At that time, we had to pass the exam when we entered the factory." Because of his hard work, Li Xingguo was elected as a reserve cadre.

　　Li Xingguo has never changed his company, from a wage earner to a workshop leader and workshop director. In 2003, he was sent to Vietnam and Indonesia by the company to take charge of the management of the new factory, and he has become a veritable international corporate executive.

　　"There are many better opportunities and temptations, but I can’t bear to give up. This is also a typical feature of our generation of migrant workers, loyal and responsible. "

　　Li Xingguo said that when he works in China, he works for the sake of work. When I came abroad, I felt more responsible: because I am a foreign company, I often have to consider the image problem. "This is also the strength of the second generation of migrant workers in China."

　　B, I work for myself

　　In April 1991, a Taiwan-funded shoe factory went to Gushi County, Henan Province to recruit workers. More than 3,000 people signed up and only 50 people were recruited. Lao Liang took the fifth place.

　　Lao Liang did a good job in the factory, from the official to the workshop director. But in 1996, after arguing and fighting with a Taiwan Province executive, he resigned.

　　At the end of 1998, in Wushi Industrial Zone, sanxiang town, Zhongshan, near Baoyuan Shoes Factory, Lao Liang set up a night market stall selling stewed vegetables. I earned hundreds of thousands in a year and a half.

　　However, the trees attracted the wind, and there was no license to set up a stall. Soon, Lao Liang’s pot-stewed vegetable stall closed. At this time, Lao Liang took a photo of a dozen acres of open space in the town and opened an open-air barbecue. The business was very hot, but it was closed again because of incomplete procedures.

　　In 2000, Lao Liang contracted a 250-square-meter pavement to open a restaurant. This time, the business procedures were complete and the monthly profit was more than 20,000. Lao Liang earned his first bucket of gold.

　　In 2003, Lao Liang registered another company specializing in logistics and automobile service. A year later, the number of vehicles under his name reached several hundred. He closed the hotel and began to focus on the company’s business.

　　Speaking of the change from wage earners to bosses over the past ten years, Lao Liang felt: working is not as good as serving wage earners!

　　C, "persistence" makes migrant girls worth more than 100 million.

　　In July 1989, 16-year-old Wang Xinhuai took advantage of his mother’s travel expenses from selling soybeans and came to Dongguan with 100 fellow villagers from Henan to start working.

　　Two meals a day, 13 hours’ work, four months later, the sisters who came with them walked most of the time, and arel persisted. At the end of the year, 800 yuan, which she sent home, propped up three tile houses at home.

　　Three years later, arel jumped to another toy factory and became the group leader. In the toy factory, she learned the secret of order processing.

　　"Being a working girl for a lifetime is definitely impossible." Arel, who knows this well, rented a factory and started a simple processing after working as a working girl for eight years. "At that time, Dongguan was full of factories. As long as there was a little personal connection, many people chose to do it themselves, and it was not difficult to earn money." Arel’s business is getting bigger and bigger, and now he is already a boss with a net worth of over 100 million yuan. She said that in the past, I worked for Taiwanese businessmen and Hong Kong businessmen, but now we invite Taiwan Province people and Hong Kong people to help us manage our enterprises, and I, a working girl, will also go global.

　　Commenting on Beckham’s sexy underwear poster, the spice girl said surprisingly, "I am very proud to see his 25-foot penis." If I look like this, I will walk in the street wearing only underwear … "

　　

　　　　Beckham’s big underwear advertisement landed in Milan

　　

　　　　Spice Girl: I’m proud of the size of his penis.

　　Netease Sports News: What is David Beckham most afraid of seeing? It is not the flying boots of former coach Ferguson, nor Capello’s indifference, or McClaren’s cruelty. The scene he is most afraid of seeing may be an interview with his wife Victoria. "Spice Girl" must have amazing words in every interview with Beckham. She once revealed that she called Beckham "Goldenballs", and this time, when commenting on Beckham’s underwear poster, Victoria brought another farce …

　　During Robert cavalli’s fashion show this week, Beckham’s advertisement for sexy underwear for Armani Company landed in Milan. On the huge billboard in Milan, people can see the "heartthrob" with open thighs and straight underwear. When asked what she thought of her husband’s advertising photo, the spice girl said, "I’m glad to see that his penis is 25 feet tall, which is great." ("I‘m proud to see his PENIS 25 foot tall. It‘s great.")

　　"This is huge, huge and burly." The spice girl continued, "If I could look like this, I would just walk in the street in my underwear."

Editor: Shuo Yang

April 28th this year is He Jiong’s 46th birthday, and it is also the annual release date of He Bang. Yesterday, # Who can get the No.1 on the list # got a hot search and became an online carnival with interactive star fans.

The so-called "He Bang", originally an easy term for rice circles, refers to the ranking of hot comments made by fans who helped their loved beans under Weibo on He Jiong’s birthday. Because it can directly reflect the real fan voice of the star, "He Bang" has become a witness to the change of entertainment flow in a certain sense.

By 2019, the total number of fans of entertainment stars on Weibo has reached nearly 20 billion. When the number of users is large enough and the fan economy is maturing, stars, fans, support and socialization are constantly colliding with new ways of playing.

Weibo is still the first platform for star powder interaction.

Every year, most entertainment circles celebrate He Jiong’s birthday. In He Laoshi’s comment area of Weibo on the same day, all kinds of traffic will meet, and fans will join the army of comments. The "He Bang" is comparable to the touchstone of entertainment popularity.

Similar to netizens calling for Shanzheng’s brother and Jiefan’s "sunset red group building" in Jay Chou, He Bang is another online social activity organized by fans spontaneously because of stars, which finally set off phenomenal network events. With the maturity of the pink circle culture and the participation of pan-entertainment users, new ways of interaction between stars and fans are constantly emerging.

According to statistics, the total number of fans of entertainment stars in Weibo has maintained rapid growth in the past three years: 12.8 billion in 2017, 16.7 billion in 2018 and 19.2 billion in 2019.

Weibo, as the largest open social platform, not only attracts stars to settle in, but also attracts their fans. 90% of the head stars have support clubs to open online support in Weibo, and there are 2,485 blue V certified support clubs. Among them, 30% are only in idolize, Weibo platform, and have never settled in other social products. In addition, there are 14,215 orange V certified fan stations and KOL.?

In addition to the fan base, Weibo has a large number of pan-entertainment users who are also willing to participate in the star-powder interaction and experience the fan play. As of June 2019, the number of celebrity classified super-words reached 180 million.

Xu Zhengchao and Jay Chou Chao who caused phenomenal network events (deadline: 21: 40 on April 29th).

Especially since the "Idol Year" in 2018, popular draft players represented by KUN and fans have formed a very sticky relationship with each other in Weibo through various forms of interaction, such as becoming iron powder, helping the star power list, editing and submitting videos. Idols also strengthened their popularity through Weibo after the draft and continued to suck powder.

These data show that Weibo is still firmly on the first platform of fan economy and star fan interaction. Online collective activities such as He Bang and other stars and fans can only take place on the Weibo platform.

"He Bang" forwarding area at 21: 40 on April 29th.

Why can only He Jiong’s birthday form a list?

In the domestic entertainment circle, He Jiong is unique. On the one hand, he has strong professionalism, deep qualifications and wide connections; On the other hand, He Laoshi has always been famous for his understanding and high emotional intelligence. His immortal friendship with artists of his peers and his love for younger artists are all talked about by everyone, and he is well-known in the circle.

Huang Lei once commented on He Jiong: "He has helped too many people in his life. Too many young people, the last "Happy Camp", He Laoshi felt good, he would recommend it to others, and there was no purpose. " The new generation of artists, more or less have been taken care of by He Jiong.

Weibo Hot Search # Happy Family Members Celebrate He Jiong’s Birthday #

Counting the "He Bang" over the years is almost the ups and downs of the latest top stream in the entertainment circle. If a play is a hit in a certain year, the birthday wishes issued by its leading actor are likely to appear at the forefront of the "He Bang" in the following year.

In the second half of 2016, Weibo launched the hot ranking function, so 2017 was the first year of Hebang, when TFBOYS occupied a popular highland;

In 2018, Jackson Yee and Karry are still in the top two, followed by LAY, Zhao Liying, Roy, Daxun Wei and Yang Mi. Shen Yue and Hu Yi Tian, starring in "To Our Simple Little Beauty", are in the forefront;

2019 is a year for He Bang to move towards the real popularity list, with more than 130 stars sending birthday wishes and comments exceeding one million. TFBOYS leads steadily. KUN, Chen Linong and Adam, who debuted in Idol Trainee, Lu Han and Wu Yifan, who have traditional traffic, Meng Mei Qi of Creation 101, and a group of florets, etc. have all squeezed into the list. Peng Yuchang Zifeng Zhang, who became popular with "Get My Brother Away" and further circled in "The Life I yearn for", has also been praised by netizens.

"He Bang" comment area at 21: 40 on April 29th.

This year, perhaps in order to keep a low profile in the epidemic year, He Jiong set up a hidden birthday in Weibo in advance. However, the birthday dynamic cards automatically released by Weibo system have still become the data battlefields for fans.

After the card was released, it won 30,000 comments and 180,000 likes in just ten minutes. Up to now, Weibo’s comments and comments on this article have both exceeded the display limit (1 million), and the praise has reached 33 million+.

As of 21: 40 on April 29th, He Jiong’s birthday was Weibo.

Yang Di quipped under Roy’s comments, "You are still popular, so you rushed to the front of me, obviously I came first." The profile shows that although it is very important to seize the initiative and gain the favor of passers-by, the final ranking of the "He Bang" is still heat.

In 2020, the "He Bang" champion will continue to be led by Jackson Yee Lian Lian and TFBOYS, and the crowd will form the first echelon. YiBo, R1SE and other artists who were active last year and had been on the same stage with He Jiong also ranked higher. Jackson Yee’s comments alone received 150,000 replies and 1.45 million likes.

The book "The Third Wave" once predicted the era of "production consumers", and star fans are typical production consumers-they interact with stars, have an impact on star brands, and together with stars, have communication influence and commercial value. At present, Weibo has successfully built a good fan ecosystem, and "He Bang" is just a microcosm of it.

He Jiong

On January 30, 2024, the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention and other six departments jointly issued the Notice on Replanting the Second Dose of Inactivated Polio Vaccine for the Population. Children born between March 1, 2016 and September 30, 2019, who have only received one dose of inactivated polio vaccine, need a second dose of inactivated polio vaccine to strengthen the immune protection effect against poliovirus type II.

1. What is polio?

Polio is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by poliovirus, commonly known as polio. It was widely popular in the history of our country. Poliomyelitis virus has three serotypes, and there is no cross immunity between them. At present, there are two kinds of polio vaccines used in China according to their nature:

1. Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) (intramuscular injection):

It contains three serotypes, I, II and III.

2. bivalent live attenuated polio vaccine (bOPV) (oral):

It contains two serotypes, I and III.

On May 1, 2016, China adjusted the immunization program of polio vaccine for the first time, and implemented the immunization program of 1 dose of inactivated polio vaccine and 3 doses of live attenuated polio vaccine nationwide.

On December 31, 2019, China adjusted the immunization program of polio vaccine for the second time, and implemented the immunization program of 2 doses of inactivated polio vaccine and 2 doses of live attenuated polio vaccine nationwide.

Second, why should we replant polio vaccine (IPV)?

Only one dose of IPV was inoculated, and the positive conversion rate of antibodies against poliovirus type II was low. In recent years, polio outbreaks have occurred in many countries around the world, especially those caused by polio virus derived from type II vaccine.

Before the global goal of polio eradication is finally achieved, as long as there is the spread and epidemic of polio virus in other countries and regions, China will continue to face the risk of polio virus import and spread. Therefore, for school-age children who have only been vaccinated with one dose of IPV, adding one dose of inactivated polio vaccine can improve the positive conversion rate of antibodies against poliovirus type II and make the protection more comprehensive.

According to the arrangement of maintaining polio-free, China decided to carry out this vaccine replanting work.

3. Who needs replanting?

All children over 2 months old who were born after March 1, 2016 and have not been vaccinated or have only been vaccinated with one dose of inactivated polio vaccine (including the combined vaccine containing inactivated polio vaccine) in this city.

This replanting population is not limited to the above age groups. Children born before March 1, 2016 have basically taken trivalent live attenuated polio vaccine orally, so it is not necessary to replant inactivated polio vaccine; If you don’t take trivalent live attenuated polio vaccine orally, and you haven’t been vaccinated or only have been vaccinated with 1 dose of IPV (including the combined vaccine containing inactivated polio vaccine), it is also the replanting object this time.

Many parents still have many questions in the replanting of inactivated polio vaccine. We sorted them out and gave you a unified answer.

01 Parents asked: My baby has taken 1 dose of IPV, how can I replant it?

A: In the past, only one dose of IPV was given to school-age children, and then another dose of IPV was given. The interval between the replanted IPV and the previous polio vaccine was ≥28 days.

Parents ask: If my baby has to replant 2 doses of IPV, is there any requirement on the time interval?

A: School-age children who have no history of IPV vaccination in the past were vaccinated with 2 doses of IPV, with an interval of ≥28 days and an interval of ≥28 days from the previous polio vaccine.

03 Parents asked: My baby was born in May 2019. In 2021, she participated in the intensive immunization with inactivated polio vaccine (IPV), and she has completed two doses of IPV vaccination. Do you need to replant this round?

A: There is no need to replant!

Will multiple polio vaccinations increase the probability of adverse reactions?

A: A large number of studies show that repeated polio vaccination will not have a negative impact on children’s health, nor will it increase the probability of adverse reactions.

How to ensure the quality of polio vaccine?

China food and drug administration, China has clear regulatory requirements for vaccine registration, production and manufacturing, and implements a strict batch issuance system before it is put on the market. After marketing, there are also clear regulations on the circulation, storage, transportation, vaccination and supervision and management of vaccines to ensure the quality of vaccines.

In 2011 and 2014, the World Health Organization conducted two evaluations on the functions of China’s National Vaccine Supervision System (NRA), and concluded that the monitoring functions of pharmacovigilance/suspected adverse reactions to vaccination (AEFI) of China’s National Vaccine Supervision System were in line with international standards, which ensured that the quality of China’s vaccines was in line with international standards.

Replanting time: completed before June 30, 2024.

Now, do the nannies understand? Go and check the vaccination certificate of the baby at home to see if it is necessary to replant IPV. In order to better guard the health of children, please replant the baby as soon as possible ~ ~

Warm reminder: replanting is free ~ ~

Source: yingtan CDC

Editor: Hu Yishu Editor: Wang Tao Reviewer: Xiaozhong Liu

Submission email: ytrbtgpt@163.com

Complaint reporting telephone number: 0701-6263862

Advertising cooperation hotline: 13970175832 Mr. Xie

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Original title: "Completed before June 30! Replant! 》

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On December 7th, China Unicom released the 5G industry private network product system 2.0 (namely "5G private network PLUS") at the 2021 Partner Conference "5G Application Sailing Innovation Summit Forum", which was witnessed by partners such as Xintongyuan, China Aviation Oil, Iflytek, Huawei, Yitong Technology, ZTE, AsiaInfo and Inspur.

According to Xue Jiping, senior vice president of China Unicom’s government and enterprise group, the product system 2.0 of 5G industry private network has the characteristics of network customization, cloud edge collaboration, intelligent terminal, intensive operation, security systematization and service integration. Compared with the product system 1.0 of 5G industry private network, it has achieved network leap, industry leap and service leap.

Network Leaping: From "Spark" to "Start a prairie fire"

In terms of network leapfrogging, China Unicom has built a three-dimensional network architecture in which 5GCs concentrate on one cloud and distribute one network, so as to quickly realize innovation, namely, access to the network, verification, commercialization, and large-scale promotion of the whole network.

-"Unicom’s 5G private network PLUS" has enhanced the ability of wide-area roaming. In the post-epidemic era, "safe access to the industry intranet nationwide" has become the common demand of social and people’s livelihood services such as government affairs, education, medical care, etc. Unicom has customized a "roaming with the company" scheme beyond 3GPP standards. Compared with the traditional way of accessing the intranet through VPN, this scheme has the advantages of anytime and anywhere access, safety and credibility, and ultra-low delay.

-"Unicom 5G Private Network PLUS" has enhanced the convergence ability of local computing network, comprehensively upgraded and supported 5G LAN, high-precision timing, integrated positioning, 5G TSN and other functions, and provided "integrated, open and flexible" MEC edge computing and "network edge collaboration" service based on MP2 customized interface, realizing the extension of 5G applications from the park to the production line and from the peripheral auxiliary link to the production core link.

-"Unicom 5G Private Network PLUS" has enhanced the end-to-end high stability and reliability. Through the functions of different frequency coverage, base station backup, carrying double links, network pooling, double transmission and selective reception, high reliability MEC and so on, the high availability of five 9s is realized. In the extreme case that the connection of the 5G public network is interrupted, the 5G private network PLUS can also ensure the inertial operation of the park business and help the safety production to a new level.

Industry Leaping: From "Connection" to "Application"

In terms of industry leapfrogging, China Unicom subdivides application scenarios for industries, carries out network scheme baseline and network configuration template, and supports large-scale delivery of 5G private networks.

-"Unicom 5G Private Network PLUS" has enhanced the ability to customize network slicing in the industry, and launched three types of products: first class, business class and economy class, providing secure and isolated network services with customizable functions for different vertical industry scenarios, and providing users with deterministic, high-quality and differentiated business experiences.

-"Unicom 5G Private Network PLUS" has enhanced the multi-level computing power scheduling capability, and launched two types of MEC edge cloud products. The exclusive mode provides plug-and-play integrated services for specific customers in the park, and the sharing mode provides multi-tenant isolation services for industrial clusters and other scenarios. Based on cloud-edge collaboration and industrial ecological aggregation capabilities, 100+ applications such as AI quality inspection, AR-assisted assembly, cloud PLC and Cloud VR are integrated into the car.

-"Unicom’s 5G private network PLUS" has enhanced the network-side collaboration capability. Based on "network software, software hardware and hardware intelligence", it has opened the SDK capability of Yanfei’s 5G module to the industry, and built customized terminals for industries such as 5G industrial gateway, 5G power timing CPE, 5G explosion-proof camera and 5G roadheader, so as to flexibly adapt to the personalized scene requirements of customers such as industry, electric power and mining.

Service Leaping: From "Offline" to "Online"

In terms of service leapfrogging, China Unicom adheres to the intensive operation concept of "one point access, serving the whole country", and comprehensively upgrades the 5G application mall and the 5G private network operation platform, so as to make customers in the industry feel comfortable in buying, building and using.

-"Unicom 5G Private Network PLUS" has enhanced the ordering ability of private network products. Relying on the 5G application mall, it has created a unified product ordering portal, aggregated terminals, networks, platforms, applications and integrated services, and supported customers to purchase on demand and place orders independently by way of "shopping cart".

-"Unicom 5G Private Network PLUS" has enhanced the one-click opening capability of private network products. Relying on the operating platform of 5G private network, it automatically transfers product orders to business subsystems such as number card, network slicing arrangement, MEC, etc., taking the lead in running the whole process of 5G private network in the industry and providing gold medal services for world-class business issuance.

-"Unicom 5G Private Network PLUS" enhances the one-stop service capability of private network products, and relies on "5G Private Network Health Manager" to provide customers with visual, available, maintainable, manageable and controllable "five possibilities" self-service capability. In addition, according to the customization requirements of industry customers, we can provide value-added professional services such as "consultation, planning, construction, maintenance, optimization and re-insurance" as needed to ensure the high-quality delivery and operation of the 5G private network.

The 5G wind is strong and sailing is just the time. The 5G private network has become a new engine for vertical industries to promote innovative applications of 5G, expand production efficiency and speed up digital transformation. China Unicom will actively implement the five special actions of "Strong Foundation Action, Engine Action, Escort Action, Co-creation Action and Blooming Action" for 5G applications, and rely on the 5G private network PLUS to provide customers with a new base for end-to-end 5G industry solutions, enabling thousands of industries to transform and upgrade intellectually.

　

Special feature of 1905 film network "The audience loves to watch, the theater makes money, and investors are rushing to vote. This is what I think is the real spring of the film industry."

Walking into Alibaba Pictures, the most intuitive experience is full of sense of science and technology. In the massive industry data, Li Jie, vice president of Alibaba Group and president of Alibaba Pictures, has a keen insight into the audience’s enthusiasm for watching movies in China.

Faced with this enthusiasm, Alibaba Pictures chose to build powerful tools and platforms, and responded by investing in the production of high-quality content. With the strategy of "technology+content", he helped China films to go to the future and the world.

In order to thoroughly publicize and implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, on the occasion of the convening of the two sessions of the National People’s Congress, the film channel will launch at 22:00 every night from March 4th.》“Meeting room "is specially planned for the two sessions — — Dialogue spring.Lan Yu, the host, talked with the heads of China film leading enterprises and wrote a new look of China film from different angles.

In this program, Lan Yu talks with Li Jie, vice president of Alibaba Group and president of Alibaba Pictures, focusing on how to empower movies with science and technology, and talks about a new chapter in the development of film industrialization in China.

1.

Data insight industry

Accurately interpret the present and predict the future.

When it comes to Alibaba Pictures, the first thing that comes to mind is undoubtedly its Internet attributes.From the Taobao Film ticketing platform familiar to the users, to the data analysis of Lighthouse Professional Edition commonly used in the industry, the powerful network announcement ability not only provides Alibaba Pictures with an opportunity to understand the current changes in the film market, but also makes it possible to accurately predict the future trend.

With in-depth insight into the industry, Li Jie predicted last year that "the Spring Festival in 2023 will return strongly", as he expected.In 2023, the total box office of the Spring Festival reached 6.758 billion, ranking second in film history, with a total audience of nearly 130 million.

"The reason why we made this prediction is because we found through data analysis that although affected by the epidemic, the audience’s enthusiasm for watching movies has not declined. Last summer’s summer movies all achieved good results," Li Jie said."But in the end, the performance of this year’s Spring Festival file exceeded the expectations of practitioners and started the first shot of returning to work!"

The Spring Festival has ushered in a "good start", and the film market has recovered strongly, which has become a consensus in the industry to promote the overall development of the industry. Li Jie has provided an accurate interpretation from three dimensions: cinema, audience and creators.

First of all, from the cinema side, the total number of Spring Festival files is basically the same as the historical peak; Secondly, from the audience’s point of view, since the beginning of this year, the annual per capita number of movies has stopped falling and stabilized, which means that more and more audiences have returned to the cinema and regained their enthusiasm for watching movies.

Third, from the creative point of view, with the recovery of the market, filmmakers continue to strengthen their confidence, and the number of film and television projects that have entered the preparation, project establishment and shooting has also increased significantly.

Li Jie said with relief: "From the three dimensions of cinema, audience and creator, I feel that the spring of movies has really come!"

2.

Strengthen content construction

When the new film will be shown.

"Alibaba Pictures’s mission is to add technology and content."According to Li Jie, Alibaba Pictures has always insisted on continuous annotation and accurate control of high-quality content.

In 2018, Alibaba Pictures released the "Golden Orange Co-production Plan" based on high-quality content co-production, and announced that it would release 20 high-quality films in the next five years and four major schedules.

Now, in the past five years, the number of films has already exceeded 20, among which there are many excellent masterpieces that are applauded and hit the box office.When it comes to Alibaba Pictures’s new films to be shown this year, Li Jie is even more familiar.

On March 10, a comedy film directed and performed by itself will be the first to appear, directly hitting the hot topic of cyber violence and giving the audience warm and healing positive energy; On March 24th, a new work will also appear. As the first Japanese animated film introduced this year, it is expected to incite the market by word of mouth.

On April 7,The spirit of the dragon and the horse will be shown.In which he plays a former action star, not only as a true character, but also as a tribute to all the dragon and tiger martial artists in the film industry.

The next May Day stalls and Dragon Boat Festival stalls will have "The King of the Sky" respectively.And new films such as "Disappeared She" are coming strongly.

"King of the Sky" focuses on the test pilot group, showing the blood and responsibility of the younger generation of China Air Force. Li Jie revealed that during the filming process, the crew overcame many difficulties and introduced virtual shooting technology. The creative process also embodies the strong willpower of filmmakers to overcome difficulties.

"Unfamiliar Road of Life" will explore the type of "road comedy" and lead the audience to "go on the road" happily; "She Disappeared" will deepen the creation of suspense films and is expected to continue to push up the type ceiling.

As the second largest schedule in the whole year, summer vacation is also a battleground for all families. Films with diverse themes and types will be presented together to continuously meet the audience’s viewing needs.

In Li Jie’s view, if China’s film industry wants to achieve a comprehensive recovery, it can’t just rely on the Spring Festival file to stand out, but use a steady supply of excellent films to create countless "weekend files". "We should use good works to let the audience enter the cinema every weekend and regard watching movies on weekends as a sense of ceremony. This is what we filmmakers should do."

3.

Technology-enabled movies

Promote the industrialization and upgrading of the film industry

It was born four years ago, which marked the rise of science fiction movies in China, and made "film industrialization" become the focus of industrial attention. This year’s Spring Festival file has achieved good results again, and behind the shocking visual effect is the rapid take-off of China’s film industrialization level.

Li Jie concluded: "In recent years, China movies have been talking about five words — — Film industrialization’. " In his view, how to realize industrialization should be divided into two major paths.

The first is the shooting and production of heavy industry films. In recent years, the domestic heavy industry sci-fi films represented by The Wandering Earth and Moon Man have been comparable to Hollywood blockbusters in terms of special effects, which has also promoted the comprehensive innovation of the whole industry in shooting technology and projection technology.

In the future, Alibaba Pictures will continue to support the creation of domestic heavy industry films, and it is expected to cooperate with China Film again to launch another domestic sci-fi blockbuster in the Spring Festival three years later.

Second, film industrialization should also be reflected in the process and systematization of film production management. Alibaba Pictures also hopes to provide tools and platforms for practitioners through lighthouse, Yunshang production and frame-sharing virtual shooting technology, so as to improve the industrialization level of production management.

Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to strengthen the influence of Chinese civilization, stick to the position of Chinese culture, tell the story of China well, spread the voice of China well, show a credible, lovely and respectable image of China, and promote Chinese culture to the world better.

Li Jie also revealed that Alibaba Pictures will launch a selection plan for young Chinese directors around the world this year to support young directors with international vision and overseas film education background to complete the creation of the first commercial feature film in China.

"Let people who know the world audience tell the story of China well, encourage them to combine Chinese culture with international vision, and really push China films out," Li Jie said.

Looking to the future, Alibaba Pictures will continue to adhere to the two-wheel drive strategy of "technology+content", serve the industry with powerful tools and platforms, respond to the audience’s enthusiasm for watching movies with fine content, promote the industrialization of China films and tell the world the story of China.

As Li Jie described it, spring is not far away, and we will have a fiery summer and a bumper autumn.

Wild roe deer in the administrator’s lens

In the early winter, when the sixth ecological replenishment of Tangzhishan Reservoir started, this water area welcomed three surprising visitors — — Wild roe deer. This discovery made the Tangzhishan Reservoir have the trace record of the roe deer for the first time.

Recently, when the managers of Tangzhishan Reservoir visited the reservoir area and walked near the waterside wetland, they noticed three swaying figures not far away, and initially judged that they were a deer-like animal of medium size. In order to further confirm, they adjusted the focal length of the camera, and observed through the lens that the body hair of the three animals was grayish brown, and there were two big ears on their heads, as if they were listening to the surrounding movements warily. The manager recognized this as a roe deer.

"The roe deer is a very interesting animal, which is more common in the northeast. It is really rare to see the wild roe deer in Beijing. Most of them live in sparse forest belts, usually active in river valleys and gentle slopes. Waterfront wetlands like Tangzhishan Reservoir are also one of their favorite environments. " The manager stopped, turned off the equipment that might make noise, and quietly observed in the same place: I saw a roe deer raising its front hoof, testing on the soft mud of the wetland, and curiously looking at the surrounding environment with big eyes. They jumped around in the grass and looked cute.

In recent years, the water ecological environment of Tangzhishan Reservoir is becoming more and more perfect, and the vegetation around the water area is becoming more and more lush, creating an ideal habitat for wild animals.(Reporter Yan Yingshuo)

　　[car home Information] Recently, we learned from relevant channels that Starway (|) will be listed on May 9. The new car has been pre-sold before, and a total of 8 configuration models have been launched, with a pre-sale range of 199,000-329,000 yuan. The new car is based on Chery’s brand-new E0X global ultra-comfortable high-performance electric platform, positioning medium and large SUVs and providing two power options: pure electric and extended range.

　　From the appearance, the ET in Xingji Era has a steady atmosphere, the front design is simple and avant-garde, and the LED penetrating light belt is matched with the lower light language to create a technological dreamy visual effect. The disappearing middle net is a typical feature of new energy vehicles. This design also highlights the EXEED Star Road brand logo, and the front enclosure is decorated with different materials and colors to create a layered feeling.

　　The younger and even a little sporty roof curve and waistline are used on the side of the body of Xingjiyuan ET. Frameless doors and hidden door handles are all common configurations of new energy vehicles nowadays, which cooperate with large rims to create an atmospheric field. The shape of the rear end is very full and round, and it also uses a penetrating taillight group. This penetrating taillight contains 262 LED beads, and the lighting effect is quite exquisite.

　　According to the official introduction, the interior of Star Era ET incorporates the design concept of "Welcome Home", and high-end environmental protection materials such as marble slate, real wood decoration and Microfiber microfiber are also applied in the car. The 15.6-inch 2.5K central control large screen in the center console is very eye-catching. The smart home voice based on the Lion AI big model includes 20 smart home scenes such as car home interconnection, baby mode, pet mode and karaoke mode, which endows more home attributes for Star Age ET. At the same time, the center console also broke the traditional fixed instrument panel mode, equipped with an electric sliding auxiliary instrument panel and a "star-moving bar", with double-layer storage compartments and warm atmosphere lights, so that passengers in the car can experience the comfort without barriers. In addition, the front and rear rows can be electrically moved by voice or physical buttons, which further improves the flexibility of the interior space.

　　In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4955/1975/1698mm and the wheelbase is 3000mm respectively. In terms of power, Xingjiyuan ET pure electric version provides two sets of power systems: single motor and double motor. The maximum power of the single motor version is 230kW, and the peak torque is 425N·m, 6.4 seconds and 6.6 seconds. Two-motor four-wheel drive model, the front axle motor entry version is 123kW, the high version is 183kW, and the maximum power of the rear axle motor is 230kW. The peak torque is 238N·m before and 425N·m after the PRO four-wheel drive version. The Ultra version is 266N·m before and 425N·m after, and the fastest Ultra can "break 100" in 3.8 seconds. Star Era ET will be equipped with Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited Shenxing rechargeable battery, which is available in 77kWh and 100kWh. Relying on the global 800V platform, it can drive 400 kilometers in 10 minutes at 25℃ room temperature. It only takes 24 minutes for the SOC to be 20%-80% in the extremely cold environment at MINUS 20℃, which effectively solves the problem of tram charging for northern users.

　　The extended-range version of Star Era ET will be equipped with a 1.5T turbocharged engine with the engine model SQRH4J15B, and equipped with a plug-in hybrid system. The engine can output a maximum power of 115kW, a peak torque of 220N·m, a maximum motor power of 195kW, a maximum torque of 324N·m, and a "breaking 100" in 7.8 seconds. The extended range version is equipped with a 32kWh battery pack, with a pure battery life of 200km and a comprehensive battery life of 1500+km. (Text/car home Zhouyi)

The biodiesel industry, with outstanding comprehensive benefits and high hopes from all sides, is encountering unprecedented development difficulties. Why does an industry with unlimited potential and should be developed greatly become so bleak?

Biodiesel is a renewable liquid fuel produced from waste oils and oil crops such as waste cooking oil. It has the characteristics of high cetane number, non-toxicity, low sulfur, biodegradability and no aromatic hydrocarbon. It can be mixed with petrochemical diesel oil or directly replaced, and is a typical green renewable energy. Therefore, countries all over the world take biodiesel as one of the important directions of new energy development.

In China, developing biodiesel has the special value of "killing two birds with one stone". Because "gutter oil" can be used as a raw material for biodiesel production, proper treatment can effectively control the stubborn disease of "gutter oil" returning to the table. In view of this, from the central high-level decision-makers to the current legal policy documents, they all take a positive attitude and explicitly encourage its development.

China’s biodiesel industry has entered the fast lane of development since 2004, with a peak capacity of 3.5 million tons/year. However, according to a survey conducted by a reporter from China Energy News, at present, nearly 90% of biodiesel production enterprises are stopping production or closing down, and the actual annual output is less than 600,000 tons. Correspondingly, China’s annual production of "gutter oil" and other waste oil raw materials resources totals more than 10 million tons. Why does an industry with unlimited potential and should be developed greatly become so bleak?

Out-of-control "gutter oil"

At the beginning of 2014, Yunnan Yingding Bioenergy Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Yunnan Yingding"), a private biodiesel producer, filed a lawsuit against Sinopec and Sinopec’s Yunnan branch, because the latter refused to trade the biodiesel produced by the former with "waste oil". Once the news came out, it caused widespread concern in society. This "first oil antitrust case" which lasted for nearly three years but has not been closed clearly reflects the current development status of biodiesel distress in China.

While the development of biodiesel is blocked, its raw material "waste oil" is getting out of control.

It is estimated that China produces about 4 million tons of "gutter oil" and 6.8 million tons of other waste oils every year. According to the survey report of China Petrochemical Federation, according to incomplete statistics, the amount of "gutter oil" collected and utilized in China is about 2.4-3 million tons/year, of which only about 700,000 tons are used to produce biodiesel (an average of 1.2 tons of gutter oil can produce 1 ton of biodiesel), and some of them are used in leather processing, daily chemical washing and other industries, and the rest are unknown.

Due to the frequent circulation of "gutter oil" across provinces, it is difficult to supervise, and illegal activities such as cooking oil produced by "gutter oil" and feed oil produced by "hogwash fat" have been repeatedly banned. In recent years, relevant cases have been reported frequently, and the health and safety hazards caused by this have become the focus of attention of the whole society.

Just as the "First Case of Petroleum Antimonopoly", which has attracted the attention of the central authorities and passed the second trial of Yunnan High Court, is still inconclusive, and it seems that the case is far from being closed, at the same time, due to a large number of enterprises being forced to stop production, it once rushed to the biodiesel production capacity of 3.5 million tons/year, and now the output has slipped to less than 600,000 tons/year. During this period, no one knows how much of the "waste oil" that was once "burned" has returned to the table.

Biodiesel: the bane of "gutter oil"

"It is an urgent task for the central and local government departments to seek ways to effectively control the return of’ gutter oil’ to the table. Ma Kai, Deputy Prime Minister of the State Council, recently made three consecutive important instructions on biodiesel, which shows that the central level attaches great importance to it. " Wu Ping, deputy director of the Law and Governance Research Office of the Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy of the State Council Development Research Center, said in an interview with the reporter of China Energy News.

After a series of investigations, the Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy of the State Council Development Research Center and China Petrochemical Federation unanimously affirmed the prospect of biodiesel in their respective reports submitted to the State Council, emphasizing that China should, as always, vigorously promote the development of biodiesel industry.

According to the reporter’s understanding, Vice Premier Ma Kai also clearly stated in his instruction document that "it is of great significance to produce biodiesel from waste oil, and the development of biodiesel industry should be supported".

Zhu Jianjun, director of the Industrial Research Division of the Industrial Development Department of China Petrochemical Federation, bluntly said in an interview that biodiesel can be mixed with petrochemical diesel in any proportion, which can realize the centralized and large-scale utilization of waste oils such as "gutter oil" and is the best choice to prevent gutter oil from returning to the table and turn it into treasure.

It is worth noting that the added value of biodiesel does not stop there.

According to the research report of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, at present, although diesel vehicles only account for 14.1% of the car ownership, their NOX and particulate emissions account for more than 69.2% and 99% of the total vehicle emissions. Solving the pollution and emission problem of diesel vehicles has also become a top priority.

Because the environmental performance of biodiesel is better than that of petrochemical diesel. "In the long run, it is of great significance to promote biodiesel on a large scale and ensure the continuous and stable supply of biodiesel raw materials by planting oil crops, which is of great significance for increasing the proportion of renewable energy and controlling air pollution." Wu Ping said.

Dilemma: legal products are sold illegally, and high-quality products are sold at low prices.

According to the information held by reporters, China has the basic conditions to accelerate the popularization and application of biodiesel under the background of high-level attention and support, complete current policy and legal documents, positive response from local governments and mature technical conditions of biodiesel.

Statistics show that in 2015, China’s diesel consumption reached 204 million tons, and it is expected to reach 221 million tons in 2020. In an interview with reporters, Lu Bo, chairman of the National Biodiesel Industry Alliance and chairman of Yunnan Yingding, pointed out that if only 2% biodiesel is blended into petrochemical diesel for sale, it will be enough to digest the current biodiesel production capacity.

However, it is worth noting that in the past two years, due to the oversupply of domestic diesel market and the limited understanding of biodiesel by oil sales enterprises, it is still difficult for biodiesel to enter the oil sales system smoothly according to law, although there are laws and policies that expressly protect it.

The above report of the State Council Development Research Center pointed out that although China’s current Renewable Energy Law and other documents have made relevant provisions on the sale of biodiesel blended with petrochemical diesel, the current policy has no mandatory explicit provisions and related restraint mechanisms, and there are no operational measures, resulting in both the National Standard for Biodiesel Blended Fuel (B5) and the National Standard for Biodiesel Blended with Diesel Fuel (BD100) becoming mere formality. In recent years, the pilot projects actively promoted by local governments have also failed to coordinate the acceptance of biodiesel by refined oil sales enterprises.

A typical example is Yunnan. In 2012, the provincial government issued the "Guiding Opinions on Doing a Good Job in Making Biodiesel from Waste Oil" (document No.46 [2012] of Yun Zhengban), proposing that Kunming should be identified as a demonstration city for the application of biodiesel from waste oil in this province, and this work should be included in the post target responsibility system of the state (city), county (city, district) and included in the performance appraisal system. This opinion is the earliest and most comprehensive guidance for the development of biodiesel industry from waste oil in China. However, it has not been implemented since it has been issued for nearly five years because it is impossible to coordinate the refined oil sales enterprises of central enterprises.

The production scale of biodiesel enterprises in China is generally small, and it is difficult to obtain the qualification of wholesale and retail of refined oil according to the current relevant management regulations. There is even a saying in the industry that "it takes 180 chapters to get the qualification", in addition to huge investment in infrastructure construction. In this context, "illegal sale of legal products" and "low price sale of high-quality products" have become a distorted portrayal of the current biodiesel trade.

Li Dingjie, the industrial development department of China Petrochemical Federation, who has been paying attention to the biodiesel industry for a long time and participated in the above research, pointed out that biodiesel also experienced a period of "making big money" when oil prices were high in the previous two years. Nowadays, the oil price has been running at a low level for a long time, and it is not easy for oil sales enterprises to cope with the impact of the inferior oil market and desperately maintain their market share of petrochemical oil products. "In this case, it is not surprising that biodiesel enterprises are generally caught in serious losses and even forced to stop production or close down."

Breaking the game: government-led, closed pilot

Experts interviewed by the reporter agreed that it is the most realistic, feasible and convenient way to open up biodiesel sales by leveraging the existing huge refined oil sales system.

From the development experience of foreign countries, the FAO report shows that the global biodiesel production (mainly in America and Europe) has reached nearly 27 million tons in 2015, and it is expected to reach 33.6 million tons in 2025, and the main raw materials for production are oil forest crops. Forced blending is the main means to promote the development of biodiesel industry in various countries.

According to the research report of the State Council Development Research Center, up to now, the mandatory blending of biofuels has been implemented in more than 30 countries, and it is generally required in all countries that petrochemical diesel oil must be blended with a certain proportion of biodiesel before it can be sold.

"Ensuring the safety of the table and preventing air pollution cannot rely solely on marketization. In order to realize the’ legal sale of legal products’ of biodiesel in China, we must learn from foreign experience, establish a coordination mechanism at the national level, and give appropriate policy inclinations and forced strong promotion. " Lu Bo stressed.

The experts interviewed unanimously suggested that a closed demonstration zone for the promotion and application of biodiesel should be set up as soon as possible, and it is a pragmatic solution to choose local areas for compulsory promotion.

In Wu Ping’s view, Yunnan, Henan, Shandong and Chongqing all have the basic conditions to develop biodiesel industry, which can be promoted as a pilot. "For example, Yunnan can give full play to the advantages of planting oil forest crops on a large scale, and at the same time, it can also make use of the resource conditions of the China-Myanmar pipeline and the Yunnan refinery of PetroChina; The successful experience of closed promotion of ethanol gasoline in Henan and the industrial base of biodiesel; Shandong can give play to the advantages of existing petrochemical refineries; Chongqing has a large consumption of marine oil, which can give full play to the advantages of rich and accessible hot pot oil and protect the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin from the source. "

"The return of’ gutter oil’ to the table involves people’s livelihood. As an effective solution, biodiesel should first emphasize its people’s livelihood value, instead of simply treating it as an ordinary economic problem. Petroleum and petrochemical central enterprises should start from the perspective of taking social responsibility and establishing the image of central enterprises, eliminate concerns as soon as possible, unify their understanding, play a leading role, correctly guide and actively participate in promoting the development of biodiesel industry." Xu Xiaodong, former director of the research office of the National People’s Congress Environmental Appearance Committee and special researcher of the State Council Counselor’s Office, said.

Not only that, Chinese consumers have low awareness of energy conservation and emission reduction, and there is no hard pressure to reduce emissions. Although the pace of upgrading refined oil products in China has accelerated, consumers are reluctant to use high-standard petrochemical oil because of its high price, which leads to the high-standard oil produced by oil central enterprises spending huge sums of money to upgrade and transform, which is "difficult to enter the market" and difficult to solve in the short term. In Lu Bo’s view, the central enterprises actively promoting the closed pilot of biodiesel will help petrochemical high-standard diesel to be gradually accepted by the market, thus solving the problem of delisting inferior oil, and at the same time it is more conducive to government supervision, which can be described as "killing more birds with one stone".

"In order to remove the obstacle that inferior and low-quality oil will not be delisted, we must take the road of government compulsion, central enterprises leading and cooperation between the state and the people, and implement the compulsory blending of qualified biodiesel in high-standard oil in the demonstration area to meet the requirements of oil upgrading and emission standards." Lu Bo thinks.

Zhu Jianjun also pointed out in particular that the government should strengthen the supervision of the flow of "gutter oil" and completely cut off the channel of "gutter oil" returning to the dining table. "Affected by living habits, the amount of raw materials for’ gutter oil’ in various places is basically stable. As long as the flow supervision is in place, the price of raw materials can also be reduced, which can greatly improve the economy of the biodiesel industry."

Wonderful comments

The "stone" of other mountains can attack "jade"

"Waste oil" has long been a stubborn disease that is difficult to cure in the country. In fact, "gutter oil" can completely turn waste into treasure and harm into treasure, and making it into biodiesel is recognized as the best way.

Moreover, biodiesel has been paid attention to by countries all over the world because of its superior advantages of renewable, clean and safe, and thus has been developed vigorously. This can be seen from the global biodiesel production capacity of nearly 27 million tons/year, and the annual growth rate of 26.5% for more than 10 years.

In the author’s investigation and interview, it is generally believed that in China, it is more meaningful to vigorously develop the biodiesel industry. It can not only effectively solve the problem of "gutter oil" returning to the dining table, which is controversial and difficult to supervise, but also effectively solve the problem of "delisting" of petrochemical low-grade and inferior oil, and promote the "entry" of high-standard oil, which is also of great significance to the prevention and control of air pollution and the optimization of energy structure in China.

In fact, at present, whether it is to solve the problem of "gutter oil" returning to the table or to control air pollution, it has become an important livelihood issue that governments at all levels need to focus on. From this point of view, the importance of vigorously developing biodiesel industry cannot be overemphasized. This also determines that the development of biodiesel industry can not be driven by marketization alone, and it can not be simply regarded as an ordinary economic problem.

Stones from other mountains can attack jade. At present, the biodiesel industry, which occupies the moral highland of "green development", has a strong development momentum all over the world. According to research data, it is estimated that the total production capacity of biodiesel in the world will reach 33.6 million tons in 2025. In recent years, the successful experience of more than 30 countries around the world shows that the rapid development of biodiesel industry can not be separated from the strong support of governments. Among them, compulsory mixing and necessary fiscal and tax support are indispensable and important driving forces.

Countries not only use biodiesel blended oil as the mainstream means of emission reduction, but also generally require that petrochemical diesel oil without biodiesel be banned from entering the market.

O If the United States stipulates that the blending ratio of biodiesel in ordinary diesel is 10-20%, subsidies and tax incentives will be adopted for biodiesel, and the tax rate will be zero;

O France has set a target of 10% for biofuels in total fuel sales in 2015;

O Brazil requires at least 7% biodiesel to be added to all diesel sold in 2014, and plans to gradually increase it to 10% in the next three years;

O At present, the proportion of biodiesel blended in Bulgaria is 8%, and it is planned to reach 10% by 2020;

O At present, the proportion of biodiesel added in Korea is 2.5%, and the production of biodiesel is tax-free;

O Malaysia began to enforce B5 biodiesel in 2012, and the blending ratio is currently 7%, and it is planned to increase to 10%;

O Indonesia is gradually implementing the biodiesel blending ratio of 15% and plans to increase it to 20%.

O In addition, the European Union provides a consumption subsidy of 0.39 euros per liter of biodiesel, among which Italy, Spain, Sweden and other countries have completely abolished the consumption tax on biodiesel … and so on, so I don’t need to go into details.

As mentioned above, the primary significance of developing biodiesel industry is that it can effectively utilize more than 4 million tons of "gutter oil" and about 7 million tons of waste oil in China every year. If the development of biodiesel industry can make people’s "dining table" safer and help enterprises establish a responsible image of environmental protection, why not invest heavily in the development of biodiesel for enterprises?

As experts have said, the state should increase its support for the biodiesel industry from the perspective of controlling "gutter oil" or smog. As long as the policies and regulations are implemented in place and the measures are appropriate, the biodiesel industry will get rid of the current development constraints, just like the "biodiesel fever" a few years ago.

In view of the current difficulties faced by the biodiesel industry, such as experts’ suggestions, it has become a top priority to introduce mandatory blending policies and fiscal and taxation support policies at the national level, and "break through as soon as possible, select mature Yunnan, Henan, Shandong, Chongqing and other places for pilot projects and set up closed demonstration zones for biodiesel popularization and application".

As a green, clean and low-carbon renewable fuel, the healthy development of biodiesel industry is unanimously regarded as beneficial to the country and the people. It is reasonable to believe that as long as we dare to break the restricted area, we can not only consider the overall situation of national health, but also start with the small construction of demonstration areas. The successful experience of "the stone from other mountains" will inevitably push China biodiesel industry out of the current predicament.